Reclaiming Wellness: A Comparative Study of High-Intensity Interval Training and Low-Calorie Diets in Optimizing Body Composition and Cardiorespiratory Parameters for Breast Cancer Survivors

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Department of Physical Therapy for Cardiovascular/ Respiratory Disorder and Geriatrics, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Egypt

2 Department of Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt

10.21608/iptccu.2024.457144

Abstract

Background: Breast cancer (BC) is a frequent malignancy with elevated mortality rates among females. Conventional BC treatments may entail negative impacts on BC survivors. The aim to compare the effectiveness of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and hypo-caloric diet (HCL) on body composition, and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), alongside quality of life (QoL) in patients who underwent a radical mastectomy.
Patients and methods: This randomized, comparative, double-blinded enrolled 60 female post-radical mastectomy participants aged 40–60 years old from the Hormonal Therapy Outpatient Clinic at Meet-Ghmmr Oncology Center, Egypt, from June to October 2022. The participants were randomly and equally (N= 30) allocated into Exercise group (A), which received HIIT (5 days/week, 30 min/session), and Diet group (B), which received a hypo-caloric low-carb diet. Our study evaluated weight, BMI, WC, fat and lean mass, heart rate (HR), and maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max) alongside QoL by the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC QOL-C30) Questionnaire at baseline and after eight weeks.
Result: The study revealed a significant enhancement from pre- to post-treatment in all parameters in both groups, with significant differences in BMI, HR, fat mass, and EORTC QOL-C30 favoring the diet group. Moreover, the exercise group has a statistically superior disparity in VO2 max.
Conclusion: HCL has a beneficial impact on body composition and QoL. Meanwhile, HIIT enhanced CRF for patients with post-radical mastectomy

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